-
1 χράω
A fall upon, attack, assail, c. dat. pers.,στυγερὸς δέ οἱ ἔχραε δαίμων Od.5.396
;τίς τοι κακὸς ἔχραε δαίμων; 10.64
; soἠϊθέοις οὐκ ἔστι τόσος πόνος, ὁππόσος ἡμῖν.. ἔχραε AP5.296
(Agath.): cf. ἐπιχράω (B).II c. acc. rei, inflict upon a person,κακὸν δέ οἱ ἔχραε κοῖτον Nic.Th. 315
.III c. inf., conceive a desire to.., τίπτε σὸς υἱὸς ἐμὸν ῥόον ἔχραε κήδειν ἐξ ἄλλων; why did he want (or needed he) to vex my stream of all others? Il.21.369; μνηστῆρες.., οἳ τόδε δῶμα ἐχράετ' ἐσθιέμεν καὶ πινέμεν ye suitors.., who have become so eager to.., Od.21.69. (For signfs. 1, 11, cf. ζαχρηής; for 111 perh. cf. χρή, κέχρημαι ( χράω (B) C), χρῇ, χρῇς.)------------------------------------Aχρῇ S.El.35
, [dialect] Ion.χρᾷ Hdt.1.62
(also Luc.DMort.3.2); inf.χρᾶν Hdt.8.135
(also Luc.Alex.19); [dialect] Ion. part. , fem.χρέωσα Hdt.7.111
; [dialect] Ep.χρείων Od.8.79
, h.Ap. 396: [tense] impf.ἔχραον Pi.O.7.92
(v.l. ἔχρεον), A.R.2.454; [ per.] 3sg.ἔχρη Tyrt.3.3
, Hermesian.7.89, ([etym.] ἐξ-) S.OC87: [tense] fut. , Hdt.1.19, A.Ag. 1083: [tense] aor.ἔχρησα Hdt.4.156
, etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor.ἐχρήσθην Id.1.49
, etc.: [tense] pf. κέχρησμαι (v.l. κέχρημαι) Id.4.164, 7.141: [tense] plpf. ἐκέχρηστο (v.l. ἐκέχρητο) Id.2.147, 151, 3.64, etc.:—[voice] Med.,χρῶμαι Th.1.126
, etc., [dialect] Ion.χρέομαι Hdt.
, inf.χρέεσθαι 1.157
( χρᾶσθαι ib. 172); part.χρεώμενος 4.151
: [tense] impf. [ per.] 3pl. ἐχρέωντο (v.l. ἐχρέοντο) 4.157, 5.82: [tense] fut.χρήσομαι Od.10.492
, etc.I in [voice] Act. of the gods and their oracles, proclaim, abs., : : c. acc. rei, χρήσω ἀνθρώποισι Διὸς βουλήν ib. 132, cf. Thgn.807, Pi.l.c., Plot.2.9.9;ἡ Πυθίη οἱ χρᾷ τάδε Hdt.1.55
, cf. 4.155; χρῆσεν οἰκιστῆρα Βάττον proclaimed him the colonizer, Pi.P.4.6; also in Trag., ; ;χρῇ μοι τοιαῦθ' ὁ Φοῖβος S.El.35
;σοὶ δ' οὐκ ἔχρησεν οὐδέν E.Hec. 1268
;χ. φόνον Id.El. 1267
: also c. acc. cogn.,χ. χρησμόν Id.Ph. 409
; (lyr.): c. inf., warn or direct by oracle, ; without ὥστε, ib. 203; χρήσαντ' ἐμοὶ.. ἐκτὸς αἰτίας κακῆς εἶναι that I should be.., Id.Ch. 1030; c. inf. [tense] aor., Ar. V. 159: rare in [dialect] Att. Prose,τάδε ὁ Ἀπόλλων ἔχρησεν IG12.80.10
; ;τοῦ θεοῦ χρήσαντος Id.5.32
, cf. Lycurg.99;ἔχρησεν ὁ θεός SIG1044.5
(Halic., iv/iii B. C.);ὁ θεὸς ἔχρησε IG42(1).122.78
(Epid., iv B. C.).II [voice] Pass., to be declared, proclaimed by an oracle, ; mostly of the oracle delivered,τὰ ἐκ Δελφῶν οὕτω τῷ Κροίσῳ ἐχρήσθη Hdt.1.49
;τὰ χρηστήρια ταῦτά σφι ἐχρήσθη Id.9.94
;ἠπίως χρησθῆναι Id.7.143
; τὸ χρησθέν, τὰ χρησθέντα, the response, Id.1.63, 7.178;ἐν Πυθῶνι χρησθὲν παλαίφατον Pi.O.2.39
;πεύθου τὰ χρησθέντ' S.OT 604
; χρησθὲν αὐτῷ ἐν Νεμέᾳ τοῦτο παθεῖν since it was foretold him by an oracle that.. Th.3.96; ἃ τοῦδ' ἐχρήσθη σώματος which were declared about it, S.OC 355;τὸν κεχρησμένον θάνατον Hdt.4.164
(- χρημ- codd.);τοῦ κακοῦ τοῦ κεχρησμένου Id.7.141
(v.l. -χρημ-): impers., c. inf., καί σφι ἐχρήσθη ἀνέμοισι εὔχεσθαι ib. 178: c. acc. et inf.,ἐκέχρηστό σφι.. τοῦτον βασιλεύσειν Id.2.147
; c. inf. [tense] aor., Id.7.220.III [voice] Med., of the person to whom the response is given, consult a god or oracle, c. dat.,ψυχῇ χρησόμενος Θηβαίου Τειρεσίαο Od.10.492
, 565; χ. θεῷ, χρηστηρίοισι, μαντηΐῳ, Hdt.1.47, 53, 157;τῷ θεῷ Aeschin.3.124
;χ. μάντεσι Μούσαις Ar.Av. 724
(anap.), cf. Pl. Lg. 686a;ὅσοι μαντικὴν νομίζοντες οἰωνοῖς χρῶνται X.Mem.1.1.3
; χ. χρηστηρίῳ εἰ .. inquire at the oracle whether.., Hdt.3.57: abs.,ὑπέρβη λάϊνον οὐδὸν χρησόμενος Od.8.81
, cf. h.Ap. 252, 292;ἀπέστειλε ἄλλους χρησομένους Hdt.1.46
; οἱ χρώμενοι the consulters, E.Ph. 957;χρωμένῳ ἐν Δελφοῖς Th.1.126
; alsoχ. περὶ τοῦ πολέμου Hdt.7.220
, cf. 1.85, 4.150, 155, etc.; having inquired of an oracle,Arist.
Rh. 1398b33: c. inf., σωφρονεῖν κεχρημένον being divinely warned to be temperate, A.Pers. 829, cf. Marcellin.Vit. Thuc.6: later simply, receive a divine revelation, Plot.5.3.14.—Hom. has the word in this sense only in Od.: the [voice] Act. only in [tense] pres. part. χρείων ([tense] fut. ): the [voice] Med. only in part. [tense] fut. χρησόμενος.B furnish with a thing, in which sense the [tense] pres. was [full] κίχρημι, D.53.12, Plu.Pomp.29; Cret. [ per.] 3sg.κίγχρητι Inscr.Cret.1 xxiii 3
(Phaestus, ii B. C.); Delph. [ per.] 3sg. [tense] pres. subj. (iv B. C.): [tense] aor. χρέη ib.13; [tense] pres. part. κιχρέντε ib.adn. (rarely [full] χρηννύναι, [full] χρηννύω, Thphr.Char.5.10, 10.13: [voice] Med.,χρηννυόμεθα PCair.Zen. 304.4
(iii B. C.)): [tense] fut.χρήσω Hdt.3.58
: [tense] aor. ἔχρησα ibid., 6.89, Ar. Th. 219, X.Mem.3.11.18, Lys.19.24, IG12.108.16, etc. ([ per.] 3sg. writtenἔκχρησεν IG12(3).1350.4
([place name] Thera)); imper. , Pl. Com.205: [tense] pf.κέχρηκα Men.461
, 598, Plb.29.21.6 ( = D.S.31.10): [tense] plpf.ἐκεχρήκει App.BC2.29
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf. κέχρημαι ([etym.] δια-) D.27.11:—[voice] Med., [tense] pres.κίχρᾰμαι Plu.2.534b
; inf.κίχρασθαι Thphr.Char.30.20
: [tense] impf.ἐκιχράμην AP9.584.10
: [tense] aor. ἐχρησάμην, imper. (lyr.), etc.:— furnish the use of a thing, i.e. lend, usu. in a friendly way, δανείζω being the word applied to usurers (but χ. = δανείζω in Antipho Soph.54), ll. cc.;οὐ δεδωκώς, ἀλλὰ χρήσας Arist.EN 1162b33
, cf. LXX Ex.11.3;ἡ πειρατικὴ δύναμις χρήσασα ταῖς βασιλικαῖς ὑπηρεσίαις ἑαυτήν Plu.Pomp.24
;χ. τὴν ἑαυτοῦ σχολήν τισι Id.Phil. 13
; χ. τὰν χέρα, in the formula of manumission, IG9(1).189, 194 ([place name] Tithora):—[voice] Med., borrow, τι E.El. 191 (lyr.), Thphr.Char.30.20: abs., ; πόδας χρήσας, ὄμματα χρησάμενος having lent feet and borrowed eyes, of a blind man carrying a lame one, AP9.13 (Pl.Jun.), cf. Pl.Demod. 384b, 384c.II = χρηματίζω 111,τοῦ χρέοντος γραμματέως CIG2562.18
(s. v. l., Hierapytna).------------------------------------χράομαι. (See also χράω)C [voice] Med. [full] χράομαι, [dialect] Att. [full] χρῶμαι, χρῇ prob. in Pl.Hp.Mi. 369a, (anap.), etc. (also Trag., A.Ag. 953), χρώμεθα, χρῆσθε, χρῶνται, And.4.6, Pl.La. 194c, Th.1.70, etc.; [dialect] Dor. [full] χρέομαι Sophr.126; [dialect] Ion.χρᾶται Hdt.1.132
, al. (so in later Prose, Iamb. in Nic.p.28 P.); χρέεται v.l. in Hdt.4.50;χρέονται Hp.
Aër.1;χρέωνται Hdt.1.34
, 4.108, al.;χρείωνται Heraclit.104
; opt.χρῴμην, χρῷο Pl. Cri. 45b
,χρῷτο Gorg.Fr.20
, etc.; [dialect] Ion.χρέοιτο Hp.Acut.56
; imper.χρῶ Democr.270
, Ar.Th. 212, Isoc.1.34, [dialect] Ion.χρέο Hp.Steril.230
, Hdt. 1.155 (v.l. χρέω, as in Hp.Acut. (Sp.) 62); [ per.] 3sg. [dialect] Dor. (Chalcedon, iii/ii B. C.); [ per.] 2pl.χρῆσθε And.1.11
; [ per.] 3pl. (s. v.l.; v. infr.111.4b), Th.5.18;χρώσθων IG12.122.5
; [dialect] Dor.χρόνσθω Mnemos.57.208
(Argos, vi B. C.); inf. [dialect] Att. and [dialect] Ion.χρῆσθαι IG12.57.19
, Ar.Av. 1040, Lys.25.20, SIG57.5 (Milet., v B. C.), IG12(5).593 A12 (Ceos, v B. C.); [dialect] Ion. and Hellenisticχρᾶσθαι Hdt. 2.15
, 3.20, al., IG12(5).606.9 (Ceos, iv/iii B. C.), SIG344.50 (Teos, iv B. C.), 1106.80 (Cos, iv/iii B. C.), PCair.Zen.299.10 (iii B. C.), OGI214.19 (Didyma, iii B. C.), IG22.1325.24 (both forms in Phld.Rh.1.66S. and Ph.Bel.,χρῆσθαι 57.35
, al.,χρᾶσθαι 53.49
, al.), [dialect] Ion. χρέεσθαι as v.l. for χρῆσθαι Hdt.1.21, 187, al. ( χρῆσθαι ib. 153 codd.), so in Arc., IG5 (2).514.14 (Lycosura, ii B. C.), Eleanχρηῆσται Inscr.Olymp.1.3
(vii/vi B. C.), [dialect] Boeot.χρειεῖσθη IG7.3169
(Orchom., iii B. C.); [dialect] Locr. and [dialect] Lacon.χρῆσται IG9(1).334.19
, 23 (Oeanthea, v B. C.), 5(1).1317.8 (Thalamae, iv/iii B. C.); part. [dialect] Att. , IG12.81.6, etc.; [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion.χρεώμενος Il.23.834
(as a dactyl), Hdt.2.108, Hp.Acut.18, [dialect] Dor. , 438.11 (both Delph., iii B. C.), Berl.Sitzb.1927.156 ([place name] Cyrene),χρήμενος Riv.Fil.58.472
(Gortyn, iii B. C.), ([place name] Dodona): [tense] impf. [dialect] Att. , , And.1.49,ἐχρῆτο Th.1.130
, etc.; pl.,ἐχρώμεθα Lys.Fr.29
, , etc.; [dialect] Ion.ἐχρᾶτο Hdt.2.173
(v.l. -ῆτο), 3.3, 129, al. (also found in Anaxipp.1.9 codd.Ath.),ἐχρέωντο Hdt.2.108
, al.: butἐχρῆτο 3.41
codd., Herod.6.55, ([etym.] προς-) Hp.Epid.3.17.ά: [tense] fut. (lyr.), etc.; alsoκεχρήσομαι Theoc.16.73
: [tense] aor. , Th.5.7, al.: [tense] pf. κέχρημαι (v. infr. 1): [tense] aor. ἐχρήσθην in pass. sense (v. infr. vii):—in [tense] pf. κέχρημαι (with [tense] pres. sense) c. gen., desire, yearn after, the usual sense in [dialect] Ep., οὔτ' εὐνῆς πρόφασιν κεχρημένος (sc. αὐτῆς)οὔτε τευ ἄλλου Il.19.262
;νόστου κεχρημένον ἠδὲ γυναικός Od.1.13
;κομιδῆς κεχρημένοι ἄνδρες 14.124
, cf. 17.421, 20.378, 22.50;μαντοσυνεων κεχρημένοι Emp.112.10
.2 to be in want of, lack,τοῦ κεχρημένοι; S.Ph. 1264
, cf. E.IA 382 (troch.); [βορᾶς] κεχρημένοι Id.Cyc.98
;οὐ πόνων κεχρήμεθα Id.Med. 334
;τίνος κέχρησθε, γυναῖκες; Theoc.26.18
: [tense] fut.,ὃς ἐμεῦ κεχρήσετ' ἀοιδοῦ Id.16.73
; χρήσομεθα εἰς τὰ ἔργα καὶ ὁδοῦ.. καὶ ὕδατος we shall need.., SIG1182.12 (Ephes., iii B. C.): freq. abs. in part. κεχρημένος, lacking, needy, Od.14.155, 17.347, Hes.Op. 317, 500, E.Supp. 327, Pl.Lg. 717c: but κεχρηόσι δαίτης is f.l. for κεχαρηόσι in Nic.Fr.70.18.3 [tense] pf. and [tense] plpf. κέχρημαι, κεχρήμην, in [tense] pres. and [tense] impf. sense, c. dat., enjoy, have, φρεσὶ γὰρ κέχρητ' ἀγαθῇσι ([etym.] ν) Od.3.266, 14.421, 16.398; αὕτη (sc. ἡ χώρη) Aër.12; ἡ καταδεεστέροις τούτοις (sc. τοῖς εἴδεσι)κεχρημένη τραγῳδία Arist.Po. 1450a32
, cf. a13, b33; ἄλλαις, μικραῖς διαφοραῖς, Id.Metaph. 1042b31, Phgn. 809a8; ὑγροτέραις σαρξί ib. b11; θριξὶ ξανθαῖς ib.25;καθαρωτάτῳ.. αἵματι Id.Resp. 477a21
; τῶν.. πλαγίαις ταῖς ῥάβδοις κεχρημένων (sc. ἰχθύων) Id.Fr. 295;εὐγενείᾳ κεχρημένος IG42(1).83.10
(Epid., i A. D.);σφαιρικῷ ὄγκῳ PLit.Lond.167.25
(ii/iii A. D.), cf. κεχρημένως ([place name] Addenda); so in [tense] pres.,χρῶνται δειλαῖς φρεσὶ, δαίμονι δ' ἐσθλῷ Thgn.161
; μέρητραγῳδίας, οἷς ὡς εἴδεσι δεῖ χρῆσθαι, πρότερον εἴπομεν Arist.Po. 1452b14
, cf. 1458b14.II use, [tense] pres. once in Hom., abs.,ἑξει μιν καὶ πέντε περιπλομένους ἐνιαυτοὺς χρεώμενος Il.23.834
: later mostly c. dat. (for acc. v. infr. VI), ;ἐσθῆτι τοιῇδε χρέωνται Hdt.1.195
, cf. 202, Ar.Ra. 1061 (anap.);διφασίοισι γράμμασι χ. Hdt.2.36
; τοῖσιοὐνόμασι τῶν θεῶν ib.52; πλατυτέροισι ἐχρέωντο τοῖσι πόμασι, ἐκ φρεάτων χρεώμενοι ib. 108; τοῖσι ἐποποιοῖσι χρεώμενον λέγειν ib. 120; ὅστις ἐμπύρῳ χρῆται τέχνῃ consults burnt offerings, E.Ph. 954; χ. ἀργυρίῳ make use of money, Pl.R. 333b; ; χ. ἵπποις manage them, X.Smp.2.10; χ. ἰχθύσι use for food, Plu.2.668f; οἴνῳ χ. ἐπὶ πλέον ib.715d; χ. ναυτιλίῃσι, θαλάσσῃ, Hdt.2.43, Th.1.3;ὠνῇ καὶ πρήσι Hdt.1.153
;δρασμῷ Aeschin.3.21
;τέχναις X.Mem.3.10.1
, Oec.4.4;τῇ τέχνῃ POxy.1029.25
(ii A. D.); χρώμενοι τῇ πόλει taking a part in politics, E. Ion 602; ; ἄλλον τρόπον τῇ πολιτείᾳ κέχρημαι, = πεπολίτευμαι, Hyp.Eux.28;φωνὴν δυναμένην ὄχλῳ χρῆσθαι Isoc.5.81
; τῇ τραπέζῃ τῇ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐχρῆτο he had dealings with my father's bank, D.52.3; χ. τοῖς πράγμασι καὶ τοῖς καιροῖς administer them, Isoc.6.50.III experience, suffer, be subject to, esp. external events or conditions, having experienced,Pi.
N.4.58;κείμεθ' ἀγηράντῳ χρώμενοι εὐλογίῃ Simon.100.4
;νιφετῷ Hdt.4.50
;στίβῃ καὶ νιφετῷ Call.Epigr.33.3
; , D.18.194;λαίλαπι AP7.503
(Leon.); στυγεροῖς πνεύμασι Epigr. ap. D.S.13.41 (iv B. C.); ;οἰκεῖα πράγματ' εἰσάγων, οἷς χρώμεθ', οἷς σύνεσμεν Ar.Ra. 959
; ;ἀπεψίαις χ. IG42(1).126.4
(Epid., ii A. D.);ἑκὼν.. οὐδεὶς δουλίῳ χρῆται ζυγῷ A.Ag. 953
; νόμοισι χ. live under laws, Hdt. 1.173, 216, cf. IG9(1).334.19 ([dialect] Locr., v B. C.);νόμοις τοῖς ἰδίοις Riv.Fil.58.472
(Gortyn, iii B. C.);ἀνομίᾳ X.Mem.1.2.24
; (lyr.); χ. εὐμαρείᾳ to be at ease, S.Tr. 193 (but, ease oneself, Hdt.2.35);συντυχίῃ χ. Id.5.41
; , And.1.67, 120;πολλῇ εὐτυχίᾳ Pl.Men. 72a
; πολλῇ τῇ νίκῃ χρῆται, = παρὰ πολὺ νικᾷ, And.4.31;συμφορῇ κεχρημένος Hdt.1.42
, cf. E.Med. 347;τοιούτῳ μόρῳ ἐχρήσατο ὁ παῖς Hdt. 1.117
; θείῃ πομπῇ χρεώμενος divinely sent, ib.62; of mental conditions present in the subject, τῷ χόλῳ χρέομαι I feel anger, Sophr. 126;λογισάμενος ἢν εὑρίσκῃ πλέω τε καὶ μέζω τὰ ἀδικήματα ἐόντα τῶν ὑποργημάτων, οὕτω τῷ θυμῷ χρᾶται Hdt.1.137
; μὴ πάντα θυμῷ χρέο ib. 155;ὀργῇ χρωμένη S.OT 1241
;ὀργῇ μεγάλῃ μοι ἐχρήσω LXX Jb.10.17
, cf. 19.11, al.; ἀγνωμοσύνῃ χρησάμενοι ἀπέστησαν they stiffened their necks and.. Hdt.5.83; οἴησις γάρ, καὶ μάλιστα ἐν ἰητρικῇ, αἰτίην μὲντοῖσι κεχρημένοισιν, ὄλεθρον δὲ τοῖσι χρεωμένοισι ἐπιφέρει vanity brings blame on its possessor (or victim) and ruin on those who consult him, Hp Decent.4;πολλῇ ἀνοίᾳ χρώμενος Antipho 3.3.2
;ἀμαθίᾳ πλέονι.. χρῆσθε Th.1.68
;ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις μείζοσιν ἢ κατὰ τὴν ὑπάρχουσαν οὐσίαν ἐχρῆτο Id.6.15
;φθόνῳ καὶ διαβολῇ χ. Pl.Ap. 18d
;οὺ τῇ ἑαυτοῦ ἁμαρτίᾳ ἀλλὰ τῇ τοῦ πατάξαντος χρησάμενος ἀπέθανεν Antipho 4.3.4
;τοῖς ἁμαρτήμασι παραπλησίοις ἐχρήσαντο Isoc.8.104
;μή τι ἄρα τῇ ἐλαφρίᾳ ἐχρησάμην; 2 Ep.Cor.1.17
.2 with verbal nouns. periphr. for the verb derived from the noun, ἀληθέϊ λόγῳ χ. use true speech, i.e. speak the truth, Hdt.1.14; ἀληθείῃ χ. ib. 116, 7.101; βοῇ χ. set up a cry, Id.4.134; τοιούτῳ πράγματι οὐ κέχρησαι, = οὐδὲν τοιοῦτο ἔπραξας, Hyp.Eux.11; δαψιλέϊ τῷ ποτῷ (fort. πότῳ)χρησαμένους Hdt.2.121
.δ'; ἐσόδῳ χρέο πυκνῶς visit often, Hp.Decent.13;ἡ σελήνη.. διὰ παντὸς τῇ ἴσῃ παραυξήσει καὶ μειώσει χρῆται Gem.18.16
.3 c. dupl. dat., use as so and so,τοῖς ἀγαθοῖσιν.. χ. πρὸς τὰ κακὰ ἀλκῇ Democr.173
;μιᾷ πόλει ταύτῃ χ. Th.2.15
;χ. τῷ σίτῳ ὄψῳ ἢ τῷ ὄψῳ σίτῳ X.Mem.3.14.4
.4 χ. τισιν ἔς τι use for an end or purpose, Hdt.1.34;πρός τι X.Oec.11.13
;ἐπί τι Id.Mem.1.2.9
; ἀμφί or περί τι, Id.Oec.9.6, An.3.5.10; with neut. Adj. or Pron. as Adv., τάδε [τῷ ἀμφιβλήστρῳ] χ. makes the following use of the net, Hdt.2.95;χρέωνται οὐδὲν ἐλαίῳ Id.1.193
; χρυσῷ καὶ χαλκῷ τὰ πάντα χρέωνται ib. 215; λογισμῷ ἐλάχιστα χ., πλεῖστα ἀρετῇ χ., Th.2.11, 5.105; τί χρήσεταί ποτ' αὐτῷ; what use will he make of him? Ar.Ach. 935, cf. X.An.1.3.18;χ. τἀνδρὶ τοῖς τ' ἐμοῖς λόγοις S.Tr.60
; .b treat, deal with, , cf. Ar.Nu. 439 (anap.; fort. delendum χρήσθων), Isoc.12.107; εἰ τύχοι (sc. γυνὴ)μὴ ἐπιτηδεία γενομένη, τί χρὴ τῇ συμφορᾷ χρῆσθαι; Antipho Soph.49
; ἀπορέων ὅ τι χρήσηται τῷ παρεόντι πρήγματι not knowing what to make of it, Hdt.7.213;ἠπόρει ὅτι χρήσαιτο Pl.Prt. 321c
;οὐκ ἂν ἔχοις ὅτι χρῷο σαυτῷ Id.Cri. 45b
; in elliptical phrases,τί οὖν χρησώμεθα; Id.Ly. 213c
;Θηβαίους ἔχοντες.. τί χρήσεσθε; D.8.74
: c. dat. et acc. cogn., , cf. 785b, Clit. 407e.IV of persons, χρῆσθαί τινι ὡς .. treat him as..,χ. τινὶ ὡς ἀνδρὶ ψεύστῃ Hdt.7.209
; χ. [τισὶν] ὡς πολεμίοις, ὡς φίλοις καὶ πιστοῖς, treat as friends or enemies, regard them as such, Th.1.53, X.Cyr.4.2.8; soφιλικώτερον χρῆσθαί τισι Id.Mem.4.3.12
;ὑβριστικῶς χ. τισί D.56.12
; also withoutὡς, ἔμοιγε χρώμενος διδασκάλῳ A.Pr. 324
, cf. Heraclit.104;ὥς γ' ἐμοὶ χρῆσθαι κριτῇ E.Alc. 801
; ;πλείστοις καὶ δεινοτάτοις ἐχροῖς χ. And.4.2
;ἀσθενέσι χ. πολεμίοις X.Cyr.3.2.4
.b χρῆσθαί τινι (without φίλῳ) to be intimate with a man, X.Hier.5.2, Mem.4.8.11;χρῆσθαι καὶ συνεῖναί τισι And.1.49
; ἀνάγκη, ὃς ἂν γένηται (sc. παῖς, son), τούτῳ χρῆσθαι one must put up with the son that is born, Democr.277: ἰητρῷ μὴ χρωμένους not consulting a doctor, Hp. de Arte5 (so c. dat. et acc., ἐσιέναι παρὰ βασιλέα μηδένα, δι' ἀγγέλων δὲ πάντα χρᾶσθαι (sc. αὐτῷ) deal with him in everything by messengers, Hdt.1.99); so Πλάτωνι, Ξενοφῶντι, χ. use, study their writings, Plu.2.79d: abs., friends,X.
Ages.11.13, Mem.2.6.5, Isoc.6.44.2 esp. of sexual intercourse,γυναιξὶ ἐχρᾶτο Hdt.2.181
, cf. X.Mem.1.2.29, 2.1.30, Is.3.10, D.59.67.3 χρῆσθαι ἑαυτῷ make use ofoneself or one's powers, with a part.,οὐδ' ὑγιαίνοντι χρώμενος ἑαυτῷ Plu.Nic.17
;αὑτῷ νήφοντι χ. Id.Eum.16
: so with an Adv.,χ. ἑαντῷ πρὸς τοὺς κινδύνους ἀφειδῶς Id.Alex.45
; παρέχειν ἑαυτὸν ταῖς ἀρχαῖς χρῆσθαι place oneself at the disposal of another, X.Cyr.1.2.13, cf. 8.1.5.V abs., or with Adv., χρῶνται Πέρσαι οὕτω so the Persians are wont to do, such is their custom. ib.4.3.23.VI in later Gk. ( τῷ μεγαλόφρονι shd. be read for τὸ μεγαλόφρον in X.Ages.11.11) c. acc. rei,χ. τὰ ἀπὸ λιμένων.. εἰς διοίκησιν τῆς πόλεως Arist.Oec. 1350a7
; [θησαυρὸν] χρησάμενοι (v.l. κτησάμενοι) LXXWi.7.14;οἱ χρώμενοι τὸν κόσμον ὡς μὴ καταχρώμενοι 1 Ep.Cor.7.31
;ἄνηθον μετ' ἐλαίου χρήσασθαι IG42(1).126.27
(Epid., ii A. D.);ὕδωρ χρῶ PTeb.273.28
(ii/iii A. D.):— for Hdt.1.99, v. supr. IV. 1b.VII [voice] Pass., to be used, esp. in [tense] aor., αἱ δὲ (sc. αἱ νέες)οὐκ ἐχρήσθησαν Hdt.7.144
; τέως ἂν χρησθῇ so long as it be in use, D.21.16; [σιδήρου τοῦ] χρησθέντος εἰς τύλους Supp.Epigr.4.447.48
(Didyma, ii B. C.); Hsch. also has χρησθήσεται· χρησιμεύσει:—v. supr. A.11. -
2 στεῦμαι
στεῦμαι, Epic Verb, used by Hom. only in [ per.] 3sg. [tense] pres. and [tense] impf., στεῦται, στεῦτο, once by A. in [ per.] 3sg. στεῦται; [ per.] 1sg. στεῦμαι cj. for ὑπισχνοῦμαι in Orph.L.82, [ per.] 3pl. [tense] impf.Aστεῦντο Maiist.60
:—In Il. always with inf. [tense] fut., make as if one would.., promise or threaten that one will..,στεῦται γάρ τι ἔπος ἐρέειν Il.3.83
; ; ;στεῦτο γὰρ.. οἰσέμεν ἔντεα καλά 18.191
;στεῦτο.. ἀπολεψέμεν οὔατα χαλκῷ 21.455
; ; once with inf. [tense] aor., στεῦται δ' Ὀδυσῆος ἀκοῦσαι declares he has heard of O., Od.17.525;στεῦται.. ζυγὸν ἀμφιβαλεῖν δούλιον Ἑλλάδι A.Pers.49
(anap.); with inf. [tense] pres., στεῦται δ' Ἠελίου γόνος ἔμμεναι boasts that he is.., A.R.2.1204; with acc. and inf. [tense] pres., στεῦντο θεοπλήγεσσιν ἐοικότας εἰδώλοισιν ἔμμεναι ἢ λάεσσιν declared that they were.., Maiist. l.c.: abs. once in Od., στεῦτο δὲ διψάων, πιέειν δ' οὐκ εἶχεν ἑλέσθαι he made eager efforts in his thirst, 11.584. (Aristarch. seems to have connected it with ἵστημι: τὸ στεῦτο κατὰ διάνοιαν ὡρίζετο, οὐκ ἐπὶ τῆς τῶν ποδῶν στάσεως, Sch.Il.2.597, cf. Apollon. Lex., Hsch.: but more prob. στεῦτο (from Στεῦστο with dissimilation) corresponds to Ved. asto[snull ][tnull ]a 'solemnly proclaimed concerning himself', [ per.] 3sg. sigmatic [tense] aor. middle of stu-.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > στεῦμαι
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3 κρίνω
κρίνω (s. κρίμα; Hom.+) fut. κρινῶ; 1 aor. ἔκρινα; pf. κέκρικα; plpf. 3 sg. κεκρίκει (on the lack of augment s. B-D-F §66, 1; W-S. §12, 4; Mlt-H. 190; ἐκεκρίκει Just., D. 102, 2). Pass.: impf. ἐκρινόμην; 1 fut. κριθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐκρίθην; pf. κέκριμαι. Primary mng.: ‘to set apart so as to distinguish, separate’, then by transference① to make a selection, select, prefer (Aeschyl., Suppl. 39 τὶ; Pla., Rep. 3, 399e κρίνειν τινὰ πρό τινος ‘prefer someone to someone’, cp. Phlb. 57e; Himerius, Or. 40 [=Or. 6], 3 κ. τί τινι=select someth. because of someth. [a place because of its size]; κ. τὸ πρακτέον καὶ μὴ πρακτέον Did., Gen. 27, 3) ὸ̔ς μὲν γὰρ κρίνει ἡμέραν παρʼ ἡμέραν the one prefers one day to another Ro 14:5a. In the other half of the sentence ὸ̔ς δὲ κρίνει πᾶσαν ἡμέραν, κ. prob. has the sense recognize, approve (X., Hell. 1, 7, 34 ἔκριναν τὴν τῆς βουλῆς γνώμην) the other holds every day in esteem vs. 5b. Closely associated is mng.② to pass judgment upon (and thereby seek to influence) the lives and actions of other peopleⓐ judge, pass judgment upon, express an opinion about Mt 7:1a, 2a; Lk 6:37a; 1 Cl 13:2; Pol 2:3 (Sextus 183 ὁ κρίνων ἄνθρωπον κρίνεται ὑπὸ τ. θεοῦ). κ. δικαίως D 4:3; B 19:11. κ. κατʼ ὄψιν by the outward appearance J 7:24a. κατὰ τὴν σάρκα 8:15. τὴν δικαίαν κρίσιν κ. pass a right judgment 7:24b (on the expr. cp. Dt 16:18). This is perh. the place for 1 Pt 4:6 ἵνα κριθῶσιν κατὰ ἀνθρ. (s. ESelwyn, comm. ad loc. ref. to Lghtf.; cp. Wsd 3:4).ⓑ esp. pass an unfavorable judgment upon, criticize, find fault with, condemn (Epict. 2, 21, 11) Ro 2:1abc, 3; 14:3f, 10, 13a (a play on words, w. κρίνειν used in two different mngs. in the same vs.; s. 4 below on vs. 13b); Col 2:16; Js 4:11, 12; D 11:12. μή τι κρίνετε do not pronounce judgment on anything 1 Cor 4:5. ἱνατί γὰρ ἡ ἐλευθερία μου κρίνεται ὑπὸ ἄλλης συνειδήσεως; why is my freedom (of action) to be unfavorably judged by another person’s scruples? 1 Cor 10:29. μακάριος ὁ μὴ κρίνων ἑαυτόν happy is the one who finds no fault w. himself Ro 14:22.—Also of a human judgment directed against God ὅπως ἂν νικήσεις ἐν τῷ κρίνεσθαί σε that you may win when you are judged Ro 3:4 (OMichel in KEK prefers active sense); 1 Cl 18:4 (both Ps 50:6).③ to make a judgment based on taking various factors into account, judge, think, consider, look upon w. double acc. of the obj. and the predicate (Soph., Oed. R. 34; Pla., Rep. 9, 578b and s. Cebes 39, 4; 3 Macc 2:33; Just., D. 112, 1) οὐκ ἀξίους κρίνετε ἑαυτούς you do not consider yourselves worthy Ac 13:46 (Jos., Ant. 6, 159 ὸ̔ν αὐτὸς τ. βασιλείας ἄξιον ἔκρινεν; EpArist 98); cp. PtK 3 p. 15, 17. τὰ ὑστερήματα αὐτῶν ἴδια ἐκρίνετε you considered their shortcomings as your own 1 Cl 2:6. Pass. (Thu. 2, 40, 3; Jos., Ant. 4, 193) τί ἄπιστον κρίνεται παρʼ ὑμῖν; why do you think it is incredible? Ac 26:8 (Jos., Ant. 18, 76 ἄπιστα αὐτὰ κρίνειν).—Foll. by acc. w. inf. (Pla., Gorg., 452c, Rep. 9, 578b; X., An. 1, 9, 5; 28) κεκρίκατέ με πιστὴν … εἶναι Ac 16:15.—W. inf. foll. κρίνω μὴ παρενοχλεῖν τοῖς κτλ. 15:19.—Foll. by τοῦτο ὅτι 2 Cor 5:14.—W. direct quest. foll. ἐν ὑμῖν αὐτοῖς κρίνατε judge, decide for yourselves 1 Cor 11:13.—W. indirect quest. foll. (Thu. 4, 130, 7 κρίναντες ἐν σφίσιν αὐτοῖς, εἰ … ; X., Cyr. 4, 1, 5) εἰ δίκαιόν ἐστιν, ὑμῶν ἀκούειν μᾶλλον ἢ τοῦ θεοῦ, κρίνατε decide whether it is right to obey you rather than God Ac 4:19.—κρίνατε ὑμεῖς ὅ φημι pass your own judgment on what I say 1 Cor 10:15.—ὀρθῶς ἔκρινας you have judged rightly Lk 7:43.④ to come to a conclusion after a cognitive process, reach a decision, decide, propose, intend (Isocr. 4, 46; Polyb. 3, 6, 7; 5, 52, 6; 9, 13, 7; Epict. 2, 15, 7; Appian, Bell. Civ. 14, 118 §497 ὅταν οἱ θεοὶ κρίνωσιν; LXX) τί οὖν θέλετε, κρίνατε (restored) so decide now what you wish (to be done); w. inf. (Diod S 4, 33, 10; 17, 95, 1; UPZ 42, 37 [162 B.C.]; PTebt 55, 4 [II B.C.] ἔκρινα γράψαι; PLond III, 897, 11 p. 207 [84 A.D.]; 1 Macc 11:33; 3 Macc 1:6; Jdth 11:13; Wsd 8:9; Jos., Ant.7, 33; 12, 403; 13, 188; Did., Gen. 179, 7) Ac 3:13; 20:16; 25:25; 1 Cor 2:2; 5:3; Tit 3:12. W. τοῦ and inf. (B-D-F §397, 2) ἐκρίθη τοῦ ἀποπλεῖν ἡμᾶς Ac 27:1. ἐπεὶ ἤδη σεαυτῷ κέκρικας τοῦ μὴ δύνασθαι τὰς ἐντολὰς ταύτας ὑπὸ ἀνθρώπου φυλαχθῆναι since you have already decided in your own mind that these commandments cannot be kept by anyone Hm 12, 3, 6.—W. acc. and inf. (2 Macc 11:25, 36; 3 Macc 6:30; TestSol 10:8; SibOr 3, 127; Just., D. 102, 2) Ac 21:25 (even in the substantially different rdgs.). τοῦτο κέκρικεν …, τηρεῖν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ παρθένον he has determined this, namely to keep his fiancée (pure and undefiled) 1 Cor 7:37 (s. s.v. γαμίζω 2; Diod S 4, 73, 2 of a father: κρίναι ταύτην [i.e. his daughter] παρθένον διαφυλάττειν). τοῦτο κρίνατε μᾶλλον, τὸ μὴ τιθέναι πρόσκομμα but rather decide this, (namely) to give no offense Ro 14:13b. ἔκρινα ἐμαυτῷ τοῦτο, τὸ … ἐλθεῖν 2 Cor 2:1. τὰ δόγματα τὰ κεκριμένα ὑπὸ τ. ἀποστόλων Ac 16:4 (cp. Polyb. 5, 52, 6 πράξας τὸ κριθέν; Epict. 2, 15, 7 τοῖς κριθεῖσιν ἐμμένειν δεῖ).⑤ to engage in a judicial process, judge, decide, hale before a court, condemn, also hand over for judicial punishment, freq. as a legal t.t. (in a forensic sense Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX).ⓐ of a human courtα. act. and pass. abs. Ac 13:27. W. adv. GPt 3:7. κ. τινά: κατὰ τὸν νόμον J 18:31; Ac 23:3; 24:6 v.l. οὐδὲ ἐγὼ κρίνω ὑμᾶς GJs 16:3. Of the right of the apostle and the church to judge believers 1 Cor 5:12ab. μὴ ὁ νόμος ἡμῶν κρίνει τὸν ἄνθρωπον; does our law (personified) judge a person? J 7:51 (Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 50 §205 certain senators desire that before Mark Antony is declared a public enemy he should be brought to trial, ὡς οὐ πάτριον σφίσιν ἀκρίτου καταδικάζειν ‘on the ground that it was not their ancestral custom to condemn someone without a hearing’). ἐκ τ. στόματός σου κρινῶ σε I will punish you on the basis of your own statement Lk 19:22. Pass. Ac 25:10. κρίνεσθαι ἐπί τινι be on trial because of a thing 26:6 (Appian, Basil. 12 κρινόμενος ἐπὶ τῷδε=be brought to trial because of this thing; likew. Iber. 55 §233; Ath. 2, 3; of God ApcrEzk Fgm. d). Also περί τινος (Diod S 12, 30, 5) 23:6; 25:20; w. addition of ἐπί w. gen. of the court of judicature before someone (schol. on Hes., Op. 9) 24:21; 25:9; D 11:11.—τί δὲ καὶ ἀφʼ ἑαυτῶν οὐ κρίνετε τὸ δίκαιον; Lk 12:57, which leads over into the sphere of jurisprudence (vs. 58), means: why cannot you yourselves decide what is right? (cp. the prayer for vengeance fr. Amorgos [BCH 25, 1901 p. 416; Dssm., LO 94=LAE 118] ἐπάκουσον, θεά, καὶ κρῖναι τὸ δίκαιον; cp. Appian, Mithrid. 89 §403 κρίνειν τὴν μάχην=decide the battle; Just., A II, 15, 5).β. mid. and pass.: ‘dispute, quarrel, debate’, also go to law (so Thu. 4, 122, 4 δίκῃ κρίνεσθαι; Hos 2:4 al. in LXX; TestSol 4:4ff D; Mel., P. 101, 773) τινί with someone (Job 9:3; 13:19) Mt 5:40; B 6:1 (Is 50:8); μετά τινος (Vi. Aesopi W 76 κριθῆναί με μετὰ τῆς κυρίας μου ἐπὶ σοί=I am pleading my case with my mistress before you; Eccl 6:10) 1 Cor 6:6. ἐπί τινος before someone (as judge) vs. 1 (on the beginning of 1 Cor 6 cp. the decree of Alexander to the Greeks in Ps.-Callisth. 2, 21, 21: βούλομαι δὲ μὴ ἐν ἑαυτοῖς κρίνειν ὅσον τις ὑμῶν ἔχει πρὸς ἕτερον, οὐδὲ ἐφʼ οὗ βούλεσθε=it is my wish [will] that you are not to go to law among yourselves, no matter what any of you may have against another, nor before anyone you wish).ⓑ of the divine tribunalα. occupied by God or Christ: abs. administer justice, judge J 5:30; 8:16, 50; cp. vs. 26; Rv 6:10; B 5:7. Pass. be judged Mt 7:1b, 2b; Lk 6:37b; Rv 11:18.—W. acc. foll. (PGM 4, 1013 of Horus ὁ κρίνων τὰ πάντα) J 5:22; 8:15b. τοὺς ἔξω 1 Cor 5:13. ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς judge the living and the dead 2 Ti 4:1; 1 Pt 4:5; B 7:2. τὰ κρυπτὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων Ro 2:16. τὸν κόσμον B 4:12 (TestAbr A 13 p. 92, 10 [Stone p. 32]; ApcEsdr 3:3 p. 27, 8 Tdf.). τὴν οἰκουμένην Ac 17:31; AcPl Ha 9, 29. κ. κατὰ τὸ ἑκάστου ἔργον judge each one by what that person does 1 Pt 1:17; cp. Rv 20:13. ἐκρίθησαν οἱ νεκροὶ ἐκ τῶν γεγραμμένων ἐν τοῖς βιβλίοις κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν the dead were judged by what was written in the books (of life and of death), in accordance w. their deeds vs. 12; δικαίως κ. judge uprightly (Sotades [280 B.C.] Fgm. 11, 2 Diehl2 II 6 p. 191 [in Stob. 4, 34, 8 vol. V p. 826, 5=Coll. Alex. p. 243] ὁ παντογενὴς … οὐ κρίνει δικαίως) 1 Pt 2:23; B 19:11. Also ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ Rv 19:11. διὰ νόμου κρίνεσθαι be judged on the basis of the law Js 2:12.—Oft. the emphasis is unmistakably laid upon that which follows the Divine Judge’s verdict, upon the condemnation or punishment: condemn, punish (opp. σῴζειν as TestJud 24:6; Mel., P. 104, 810; cp. ApcEsdr 1, 11 p. 25, 3 Tdf. ἐμὲ κρῖνον ὑπὲρ τῶν ψυχῶν τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν) J 3:17; cp. 18ab; 12:47ab, 48a; cp. 48b; Ac 7:7 (Gen 15:14); Dg 7:5f (opp. ἀγαπᾶν). διὰ νόμου κ. punish on the basis of the law Ro 2:12.—3:6f; 1 Cor 11:31f (here of the temporal punishment which God brings upon sinners); 2 Th 2:12; Hb 10:30 (κρινεῖ κύριος τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ the Lord will judge = punish his people is derived fr. Dt 32:36=Ps 134:14, where the judgment of God is spoken of, resulting in the vindication of the innocent [the thought prominent in the two OT pass.] and the punishment of the guilty [the thought prominent in the Hb pass.]); 13:4; Js 5:9; for 1 Pt 4:6 s. 2a above; Rv 18:8; 19:2; B 15:5.—W. the punishment given κ. διὰ πυρός 1 Cl 11:1; διὰ τῶν μαστίγων 17:5. κεκριμένοι ἤδη τῷ θανάτῳ already condemned to death B 10:5. Also εἰς θάνατον condemned to death Hs 9, 18, 2. οἱ κρινόμενοι ἀσεβεῖς the godless, who are condemned 2 Cl 18:1. Of the devil ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κόσμου τούτου κέκριται J 16:11.—ταῦτα ἔκρινας you have imposed these punishments Rv 16:5.—On κρίνειν τὸ κρίμα 18:20 s. κρίμα 4.β. occupied by those who have been divinely commissioned to judge: the 12 apostles judge the 12 tribes Mt 19:28; Lk 22:30 (PBatiffol, RB n.s. 9, 1912, 541–43. But here κ. could have the broader sense rule; cp. 4 Km 15:5; Ps 2:10; 1 Macc 9:73; PsSol 17:29). κρινεῖ ἡ ἐκ φύσεως ἀκροβυστία … σέ the one who is physically uncircumcised will sit in judgment upon you Ro 2:27. οἱ ἅγιοι as judges of the cosmos 1 Cor 6:2ab (κρίνεσθαι ἐν: Diod S 19, 51, 4.—On the saints as co-rulers with God cp. Epict., Ench. 15; Sallust. 21 p. 36, 14) as well as of the angels vs. 3 (cp. Da 7:22).⑥ to ensure justice for someone, see to it that justice is done (LXX) τινί to someone 1 Cl 8:4 (Is 1:17).—B. 1428. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW.
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